216.组合总和III
文章:4. 组合总和III
题目:216. 组合总和 III
【思路】
和77.组合相似的解法。
在写题目的过程中,经常把回溯函数的遍历起始索引写成startIndex,而我们需要写的是i。
startIndex是在同一个集合里面遍历,防止重复遍历
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| class Solution { List<List<Integer>>res = new ArrayList<>(); LinkedList<Integer> path = new LinkedList<>(); public List<List<Integer>> combinationSum3(int k, int n) { backtracking(k,n,1,0); return res; } public void backtracking(int k,int n,int startIndex,int sum ){ if(sum > n)return ; if(path.size() == k){ if(sum == n) res.add(new ArrayList<>(path)); return; } for(int i = startIndex;i<=9-(k-path.size())+1;i++){ sum+=i; path.add(i); backtracking(k,n,i+1,sum); sum-=i; path.removeLast(); } } }
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| func combinationSum3(k int, n int) [][]int { res := make([][]int,0) path :=make([]int,0,k) var backtracking func(k,n,sum,startIndex int) backtracking = func(k,n,sum,startIndex int){ if len(path) == k{ if sum == n{ tmp := make([]int,k) copy(tmp,path) res = append(res,tmp) } return } for i:=startIndex;i <=9;i++{ path = append(path,i) backtracking(k,n,sum+i,i+1) path = path[:len(path)-1] } } backtracking(k,n,0,1) return res }
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17.电话号码的字母组合
文章:5. 电话号码的字母组合
题目:17. 电话号码的字母组合
【思路】
回溯算法要提前确定好树的宽度和深度。
回溯三部曲:
需要一个字符串s来收集叶子节点的结果,然后用一个字符串数组result保存起来,定义为全局变量。
参数:需要题目所给的字符串、以及用来记录遍历到第几个数字的index
如果index等于输入的数字个数,然后收集结果,结束本层递归。
取index指向的数字,并找到对应的字符集(手机键盘的字符集),然后使用for循环来处理这个字符集。
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| class Solution { List<String>list = new ArrayList<>(); public List<String> letterCombinations(String digits) { if(digits == null || digits.length() ==0 ){ return list; } String[] numString ={"","","abc","def","ghi","jkl","mno","pqrs","tuv","wxyz"} ; backtracking(digits,numString,0); return list; } StringBuilder temp = new StringBuilder();
public void backtracking(String digits,String[] numString,int num){ if(num == digits.length()){ list.add(temp.toString()); return ; } String str = numString[digits.charAt(num)-'0']; for(int i = 0 ; i < str.length();i++){ temp.append(str.charAt(i)); backtracking(digits,numString,num+1); temp.deleteCharAt(temp.length()-1); } } }
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| var( m []string path []byte res []string )
func letterCombinations(digits string) []string { m = []string{"abc","def","ghi","jkl","mno","pqrs","tuv","wxyz"} path,res = make([]byte,0),make([]string,0) if digits == ""{ return res } dfs(digits,0) return res }
func dfs(digits string,start int){ if len(path) == len(digits){ tmp := string(path) res = append(res,tmp) return } digit := int(digits[start]-'0') str := m[digit-2] for j:=0;j<len(str);j++{ path = append(path,str[j]) dfs(digits,start+1) path = path[:len(path)-1] }
}
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【算法总结】